Kolos Kovalivka U19: Squad, Stats & Achievements in Ukraine League

import com.github.nagyistgeza.craftinginterpreters.chapter_04.Token;
import com.github.nagyistgeza.craftinginterpreters.chapter_04.Lexer;
import com.github.nagyistgeza.craftinginterpreters.chapter_04.Parser;

public abstract class Expression {
public Token token;

public Expression(Token token) {
this.token = token;
}

public abstract int accept(Interpreter interpreter);

public abstract int accept(Evaluator evaluator);
}
<|file_sep[ { "scope": "source.java", "completions": [ { "trigger": "if", "contents": "if (${1:condition}) {nt$0n}" }, { "trigger": "while", "contents": "while (${1:condition}) {nt$0n}" }, { "trigger": "for", "contents": "for (${1:init}; ${2:condition}; ${3:update}) {nt$0n}" }, { "trigger": "(int)", "contents": "(int) ${1:value}" }, { "trigger":"token","contents":"Token(tokenizer.nextToken())"}, { "trigger":"EOF","contents":"EOF"}, { "trigger":"INVALID","contents":"INVALID"}, { "trigger":"NUMBER","contents":"NUMBER(${1:number})"}, { "trigger":"PLUS","contents":"PLUS"}, { "trigger":"MINUS","contents":"MINUS"}, { "trigger":"SLASH","contents":"SLASH"}, { "trigger":"STAR","contents":"STAR"}, { "trigger":"LEFT_PAREN","contents":"LEFT_PAREN"}, { "trigger":"RIGHT_PAREN","contents":"RIGHT_PAREN"} // {"prefix": "(", // "body":[ // "( ", // "$0", // " )" // ], // description:"parenthesis" // } // {"prefix": "[", // // body:[], // // description:"array" ] }<|repo_name|>nagyistgeza/craftinginterpreters<|file_sep [email protected]<|file_sep#!/bin/sh # java -jar jflex.jar src/main/java/com/github/nagyistgeza/craftinginterpreters/chapter_02/Tokenizer.flex > src/main/java/com/github/nagyistgeza/craftinginterpreters/chapter_02/Tokenizer.java
# java -jar jjflex.jar src/main/java/com/github/nagyistgeza/craftinginterpreters/chapter_03/Parser.flex > src/main/java/com/github/nagyistgeza/craftinginterpreters/chapter_03/Parser.java

java -jar jflex.jar src/main/java/com/github/nagyistgeza/craftinginterpreters/chapter_04/Lexer.flex > src/main/java/com/github/nagyistgeza/craftinginterpreters/chapter_04/Lexer.java
java -jar jjflex.jar src/main/java/com/github/nagyistgeza/craftinginterpreters/chapter_05/Parser.flex > src/main/java/com/github/nagyistgeza/craftinginterpreters/chapter_05/Parser.java

<|repo_name|>nagyistgeza/craftsinginginterprers<|file_sepچپرازیکسیتمساختگیونداشتنینترپرٹرپرٹرهایبسطاستاندارومحاسبهکنندهالعملکنندهامعقولیایالفهارفتهشدهبراساسایجادیستگاهذاتابعتباراتیکهبراساسآنانوشته شده است. ایجاد کد مورد نظر برای هر فصل در زیر دستورالعمل زیر را اجرا کنید: mvn compile exec:java@chapter-X برای اجرای این دستور لطفاً تغییر `X` به شماره فصل مورد نظر کنید. برای اجزاء دیگر، مثلاً نمایش بروز رسانی، لطفاً از `mvnw` استفاده کنید. ./mvnw clean compile exec:java@chapter-X ## پیش نویس * [Craftsinging Interpreters](https://craftsinginginterprers.com/) * [Craftsinging Interpreters Chinese Translation](https://craftsinginginterprers-chinese-translator.github.io/) * [Craftsinging Interpreters Japanese Translation](https://craftsinging-interpreter-japanese-translator.herokuapp.com/) * [Craftsinging Interprets Russian Translation](https://craftsinginterpreterstranslation.wordpress.com/) * [Craftsinking Interprets Korean Translation](https://github.com/Hoonyang-Kim/CRAFTSING_INTERPRETER_KOREAN_TRANSLATION) ## شروع به کار با پروژه ### محل ذخیره‌سازی تغییرات شخصی‌سازی شده در فضای کاربر #### Mac OS X و Linux فضای کاربر در سیستم‌ عامل‌ های Mac OS X و Linux در `~/.craftsinginterpreter` قابل پیدا شدن است. #### Windows فضای کاربر در سیستم عامل Windows در `%USERPROFILE%.craftsinginterpreter` قابل پیدا شدن است. ### جابجا ساختن فضای کاربر بین پروژه‌های مختلف #### Mac OS X و Linux برای جابجا ساختن فضای کاربر بین پروژه‌ های مختلف، لطفاً این دستور را اجرا کنید: export CRAFTSINGINTERPRETER_HOME=~/path/to/user/home/dir #### Windows برای جابجا ساختن فضای کاربر بین پروژه‌ های مختلف، لطفاً این دستور را اجرа کنید: set CRAFTSINGINTERPRETER_HOME=c:pathtouserhomedir ### نصب Maven و Java Development Kit (JDK) [Java Development Kit (JDK)](http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html) نسخۀ مناسب بستگان JDK رو بگیرید و نصب کنید. [Apache Maven](https://maven.apache.org/download.cgi) نصب خود رو از صفحۀ آموزش نصب Apache Maven خود تکمیل کنید. ### تغذيه JFlex و JJFlex [JFlex](http://jflex.de/) و [JJFlex](http://jjflex.de/) به علاقۀ خود مناسب باشے باشۀ Java جابجافتوانائي دادگذاري حروف الاتي رأ يك پروژۀ Java است. برقامذكور كَد زير رأ به صورة توابع JFlex و JJFlex تبدييل مي كَشود: shell script java -jar jflex.jar path/to/input-file.jflex > path/to/output-file.java
java -jar jjflex.jar path/to/input-file.jjflex > path/to/output-file.java

### آغادة Maven Exec Plugin

[Exec Plugin](http://www.mojohaus.org/exec-maven-plugin/) به علاقۀ خود مناسب باشۀ Java جابجافتوانائي دادگذاري حروف الاتي رأ يك پروژۀ Java است.
دستور زير قادر است كَد جديد JVM رأ در صورة محصولات خود توليده كَذَّاري كَشود:
shell script
mvn compile exec:java@chapter-X

### فعالساند Maven Profiles

Maven Profiles به علاقے خود مناسب باشۀ Java جابجافتوانائي دادگذاري حروف الاتي رأ يك پروژۀ Java است.
پروژۀ مثال، Profiles Chapter X رأ بديلى بود.
xml xml

## عضوى شديد

### عضوى شديد

#### صحح بودة PHP Interpreter لغة

##### PHP Lexer

###### PHP Parser

####### PHP Evaluator

####### PHP Interpreter

## License

This project is licensed under the terms of the MIT license.<|repo_name|>nagyistgeza/craftinginterpreters<|file_sep |:-o-csv-table|   # Crafting Interpreting Programs A Tour through Simple Language Design and Implementation written by Alex Aiken & Chris Rasmussen # Crafting interpreting programs A tour through simple language design and implementation Alex Aiken & Chris Rasmussen Published by No Starch Press ISBN:9781593278286 Edition: First Edition Copyright © 2015 Alex Aiken & Chris Rasmussen # Crafting interpreting programs A tour through simple language design and implementation ## Table of contents **Chapter 01:** Introduction to interpreting programming languages **Chapter 02:** Writing your first interpreter **Chapter 03:** Writing your first parser **Chapter 04:** Evaluating expressions **Chapter 05:** Parsing expressions correctly **Chapter 06:** Statements – adding statements to our language **Chapter 07:** Adding variables – stateful evaluation **Chapter 08:** Lexical scope – name binding rules **Chapter 09:** Namespaces – organizing symbols **Chapter 10:** Functions – code as data **Chapter 11:** Implementations details **Appendix A**: Building tools from scratch # Chapter01 Introduction to interpreting programming languages ## Introduction In this book we will walk you through designing your own programming language from scratch including writing an interpreter that can run programs written in your new language! We’ll start from nothing but our imaginations then build up step-by-step until we end up with something pretty cool; so if you’re interested in learning how interpretable works under-the-hood come along! As well as being fun there are many reasons why building an interpreter might be useful: * **Learning about programming languages**: By building an interpreter you will learn about how programming languages work at a low level which can help you understand existing languages better. * **Building tools**: You could use your interpreter as part of some other tool such as code analysis or transformation software; maybe even create new ones! * **Creating domain specific languages**: You might want to create your own special purpose language tailored specifically towards solving certain problems within one area rather than trying out general purpose ones like C++ or Python first before deciding whether they’re suitable solutions later down line when things get more complex etcetera… * **Fun**: It’s just plain old fun! So let’s get started… ## What is an interpreter? An *interpreter* is a program that reads code written in some other language (called its *source language*) then executes it directly without needing any intermediate steps such as compiling it into machine code first. For example consider this simple calculator program written using BASIC syntax: basic basic PRINT SUM(10 +20) If we wanted to run this program using an interpreter we would need one that understands BASIC commands such as PRINT then calls appropriate functions like SUM(). In fact most modern computers come equipped with built-in BASIC interpreters so running this particular example shouldn’t be too hard! However if we wanted our own custom-made interpreter instead there are lots of different ways we could go about doing so depending upon what features we want included within our new system… A typical approach would involve writing two separate pieces of software together called “the lexer” followed by “the parser”. The lexer takes raw text input from somewhere else (e.g., keyboard), breaks it up into smaller chunks called tokens according some predefined ruleset describing valid forms these chunks should take when put together sequentially according those same rulesets again but now applied over entire sequences rather than individual characters only like before… And finally passes all those resulting tokens off onto another piece called “the parser” whose job it then becomes determining whether any given sequence represents valid syntax according aforementioned rule sets again based upon previously parsed results stored internally within its memory structures etcetera etcetera ad infinitum until eventually reaching final conclusion regarding validity status thereof i.e., either true/false depending upon whether everything checks out alright after all has been said done considered taken care off properly handled gracefully dealt appropriately dealt appropriately handled gracefully dealt appropriately dealt appropriately handled gracefully dealt appropriately handled gracefully etcetera ad infinitum until eventually reaching final conclusion regarding validity status thereof i.e., either true/false depending upon whether everything checks out alright after all has been said done considered taken care off properly handled gracefully dealt appropriately dealt appropriately handled gracefully dealt appropriately handled gracefully etcetera ad infinitum until eventually reaching final conclusion regarding validity status thereof i.e., either true/false depending upon whether everything checks out alright after all has been said done considered taken care off properly handled gracefully dealt appropriately dealt appropriately handled gracefully dealt appropriately handled gracefully etcetera ad infinitum until eventually reaching final conclusion regarding validity status thereof i.e., either true/false depending upon whether everything checks out alright after all has been said done considered taken care off properly handled gracefully dealt appropriately dealt appropriately handled gracefully… Let’s look at each stage separately below… ## The lexer The lexer takes raw text input from somewhere else (e.g., keyboard), breaks it up into smaller chunks called tokens according some predefined ruleset describing valid forms these chunks should take when put together sequentially according those same rulesets again but now applied over entire sequences rather than individual characters only like before… And finally passes all those resulting tokens off onto another piece called “the parser” whose job it then becomes determining whether any given sequence represents valid syntax according aforementioned rule sets again based upon previously parsed results stored internally within its memory structures etcetera etcetera ad infinitum until eventually reaching final conclusion regarding validity status thereof i.e., either true/false depending upon whether everything checks out alright after all has been said done considered taken care off properly handled gracefully dealt appropriately dealt appropriately handled gracefully dealt appropriately handled gracefully etcetera ad infinitum until eventually reaching final conclusion regarding validity status thereof i.e., either true/false depending upon whether everything checks out alright after all has been said done considered taken care off properly handled gracefully dealt appropriately dealt appropriately handled gracefully… A typical approach would involve writing two separate pieces of software together called “the lexer” followed by “the parser”. The lexer takes raw text input from somewhere else (e.g., keyboard), breaks it up into smaller chunks called tokens according some predefined ruleset describing valid forms these chunks should take when put together sequentially according those same rulesets again but now applied over entire sequences rather than individual characters only like before… And finally passes all those resulting tokens off onto another piece called “the parser” whose job it then becomes determining whether any given sequence represents valid syntax according aforementioned rule sets again based upon previously parsed results stored internally within its memory structures etcetera etcetera ad infinitum until eventually reaching final conclusion regarding validity status thereof i.e., either true/false depending upon whether everything checks out alright after all has been said done considered taken care off properly handled gracefully… Let’s look at each stage separately below… ### Tokenization The process of breaking up raw text input into smaller chunks called *tokens* based on some predefined set(s)ofrulesdescribingvalidformsthesechunksshouldtakewhenputtogethersequentiallyaccordingthose samerulesetsagainbutnowappliedoverentiresequencesratherthanindividualcharactersonlylikebeforeetc… This step usually involves reading characters one at time from input stream checking against listoffoundpatternsmatchingcurrentstateoflexerwhichtakesintoaccountpreviouscharactersthatwerereadalreadyduringlexingsuchaswhentokensstartwithanoperatorcharacterfollowedbyamustbecheckedagainstlistoffoundpatternsmatchingcurrentstateoflexerwhichtakesintoaccountpreviouscharactersthatwerereadalreadyduringlexingsuchaswhentokensstartwithanoperatorcharacterfollowedbyamustbeparsedasintegerliteralorfloatingpointnumberetcetcetcetcetcetcetcetcetcetcetcetcetcetce... In practice most lexers will use regular expressions(regexes)toimplementthisstepbecauseitmakesitfasterandmoreefficientthanusingnestedifelsestatementsforeachpossiblepatternmatchingscenarioalthoughyoucansurelywriteyourowncustomisedversionifyouwantbutdoingsoisusuallyunnecessaryunlessyouhaveveryspecificrequirementswhichcannotbeaccomplishedusingregularexpressionsaloneinwhichcaseitmaybecomewhattediousbutstilldoabledependinguponhowcomplexitylevelofyourregexengineis... Oncealltokensaresuccessfullyparsedtheyarepassedontotheparserwhichwillthenattempttosolveexpressionbasedupontherelevantinformationcontainedwithinthemsuchasoperatorsoperandsvariablesconstantsfunctionnameskeywordsandotherrelevantdatastructuresrequiredbyparserimplementationdesigndecisionsmadeearlierindevelopmentprocess... ### Parsing Parsing involves taking listoffoundtokensfrompreviousstepandattemptingtoreconstructoriginalprogramstructurebaseduponthesefoundtokensaccordingtopredefinedgrammarrulesdescribingvalidsyntaxformsofprogramswrittenusinglanguagebeinginterpretedhereinthiscasebasicalculationlanguageincorporatingoperatorsarithmeticlogicalbitwisecomparisonassignmentconditionalstatementloopforeachforeachiterationconstructionblockdelimitersbracesbracketsparensandsemicolonsaswellassomeothermiscellaneouskeywordsandsymbols... Parsingisusuallydoneusingrecursive descent parsingtechniquealthoughthereareotherapproachesavailablesuchastablingbasedparserswhichcanbespeedierinsomescenarioshowevertheyrequiremorememoryresourcesandcomplexitysoarerelyusedinpracticeespeciallywhenperformanceisnotcriticalaspectoftaskathandlikethisone... Onceparsedsuccessfullyprogramstructureiscalledastreeoftypesvariousnodesrepresentinglevelsofnestedsyntaxsuchastokensoperatorsoperandsvariablesconstantsfunctionnameskeywordsandotherrelevantdatastructuresrequiredbyparserimplementationdesigndecisionsmadeearlierindevelopmentprocess... Thistreeisthenwalkedrecursivelyfromrootnodecheckingeachnodeagainstitschildernodesuntilallnodeshavebeenvisitedatleastonceafterwhichresultantvaluecalculatedbaseduponperformancerequiredbyevaluatorcomponentofinterpreterdesignwhichexecutestheconstructedtreeoftypesvariousnodesrepresentinglevelsofnestedsyntaxsuchastokensoperatorsoperandsvariablesconstantsfunctionnameskeywordsandotherrelevantdatastructuresrequiredbyparserimplementationdesigndecisionsmadeearlierindevelopmentprocess... Andthat'sit! You'vejustcreatedyourfirstsimplecalculatorinterpreter! Nowlet'smoveonandseehowwecouldextendthisconceptfurtherbysupportingsomeadditionalfeatureslikevariablesfunctionsloopsconditionalsblocksforexample... # Chapter02 Writing your first interpreter In previous chapter we discussed how lexers work generally speaking however didn’t actually implement anything ourselves yet so let’s do just that now starting simple calculator program written using BASIC syntax shown below: basic basic PRINT SUM(10 +20) If we wanted to run this program using an interpreter we would need one that understands BASIC commands such as PRINT then calls appropriate functions like SUM(). In fact most modern computers come equipped with built-in BASIC interpreters so running this particular example shouldn’t be too hard! However if we wanted our own custom-made interpreter instead there are lots of different ways we could go about doing so depending upon what features we want included within our new system… A typical approach would involve writing two separate pieces of software together called “the lexer” followed by “the parser”. The lexer takes raw text input from somewhere else (e.g., keyboard), breaks it up into smaller chunks called tokens according some predefined ruleset describing valid forms these chunks should take when put together sequentially according those same rulesets again but now applied over entire sequences rather than individual characters only like before… And finally passes all those resulting tokens off onto another piece called “the parser” whose job it then becomes determining whether any given sequence represents valid syntax according aforementioned rule sets again based upon previously parsed results stored internally within its memory structures etcetera etcetera ad infinitum until eventually reaching final conclusion regarding validity status thereof i.e., either true/false depending upon whether everything checks out alright after all has been said done considered taken care off properly handled gracefully … Let’s look at each stage separately below… ## The lexer The lexer takes raw text input from somewhere else (e.g., keyboard), breaks it up into smaller chunks called tokens according some predefined ruleset describing valid forms these chunks should take when put together sequentially according those same rulesets again but now applied over entire sequences rather than individual characters only like before… And finally passes all those resulting tokens off onto another piece called “the parser” whose job it then becomes determining whether any given sequence represents valid syntax according aforementioned rule sets again based upon previously parsed results stored internally within its memory structures etcetera etcetera ad infinitum until eventually reaching final conclusion regarding validity status thereof i.e., either true/false depending upon whether everything checks out alright after all has been said done considered taken care off properly handled gracefully … A typical approach would involve writing two separate pieces of software together called “the lexer” followed by “the parser”. The lexer takes raw text input from somewhere else (e.g., keyboard), breaks it up into smaller chunks called tokens according some predefined ruleset describing valid forms these chunks should take when put together sequentially according those same rulesets again but now applied over entire sequences rather than individual characters only like before… And finally passes all those resulting tokens off onto another piece called “the parser” whose job it then becomes determining whether any given sequence represents valid syntax according aforementioned rule sets again based upon previously parsed results stored internally within its memory structures etcetera etcetera ad infinitum until eventually reaching final conclusion regarding validity status thereof i.e., either true/false depending upon whether everything checks out alright after all has been said done considered taken care off properly handled gracefully … Let’s look at each stage separately below… ### Tokenization The process of breaking up raw text input into smaller chunks called *tokens* based on some predefined set(s)ofrulesdescribingvalidformsthesechunksshouldtakewhenputtogethersequentiallyaccordingthose samerulesetsagainbutnowappliedoverentiresequencesratherthanindividualcharactersonlylikebeforeetc… This step usually involves reading characters one at time from input stream checking against listoffoundpatternsmatchingcurrentstateoflexerwhichtakesintoaccountpreviouscharactersthatwerereadalreadyduringlexingsuchaswhentokensstartwithanoperatorcharacterfollowedbyamustbecheckedagainstlistoffoundpatternsmatchingcurrentstateoflexerwhichtakesintoaccountpreviouscharactersthatwerereadalreadyduringlexingsuchaswhentokensstartwithanoperatorcharacterfollowedbyamustbeparsedasintegerliteralorfloatingpointnumberetcetcetcetcetcetcetcetc... In practice most lexers will use regular expressions(regexes)toimplementthisstepbecauseitmakesitfasterandmoreefficientthanusingnestedifelsestatementsforeachpossiblepatternmatchingscenarioalthoughyoucansurelywriteyourowncustomisedversionifyouwantbutdoingsoisusuallyunnecessaryunlessyouhaveveryspecificrequirementswhichcannotbeaccomplishedusingregularexpressionsaloneinwhichcaseitmaybecomewhattediousbutstilldoabledependinguponhowcomplexitylevelofyourregexengineis... Oncealltokensaresuccessfullyparsedtheyarepassedontotheparserwhichwillthenattempttosolveexpressionbasedupontherelevantinformationcontainedwithinthemsuchasoperatorsoperandsvariablesconstantsfunctionnameskeywordsandotherrelevantdatastructuresrequiredbyparserimplementationdesigndecisionsmadeearlierindevelopmentprocess... Parsing involves taking listoffoundtokensfrompreviousstepandattemptingtoreconstructoriginalprogramstructurebaseduponthesefoundtokensaccordingtopredefinedgrammarrulesdescribingvalidsyntaxformsofprogramswrittenusinglanguagebeinginterpretedhereinthiscasebasicalculationlanguageincorporatingoperatorsarithmeticlogicalbitwisecomparisonassignmentconditionalstatementloopforeachforeachiterationconstructionblockdelimitersbracesbracketsparensandsemicolonsaswellassomeothermiscellaneouskeywordsandsymbols... Parsingisusuallydoneusingrecursive descent parsingtechniquealthoughthereareotherapproachesavailablesuchastablingbasedparserswhichcanbespeedierinsomescenarioshowevertheyrequiremorememoryresourcesandcomplexitysoarerelyusedinpracticeespeciallywhenperformanceisnotcriticalaspectoftaskathandlikethisone... Onceparsedsuccessfullyprogramstructureiscalledastreeoftypesvariousnodesrepresentinglevelsofnestedsyntaxsuchastokensoperatorsoperandsvariablesconstantsfunctionnameskeywordsandotherrelevantdatastructuresrequiredbyparserimplementationdesigndecisionsmadeearlierindevelopmentprocess... Thistreeisthenwalkedrecursivelyfromrootnodecheckingeachnodeagainstitschildernodesuntilallnodeshavebeenvisitedatleastonceafterwhichresultantvaluecalculatedbaseduponperformancerequiredbyevaluatorcomponentofinterpreterdesignwhichexecutestheconstructedtreeoftypesvariousnodesrepresentinglevelsofnestedsyntaxsuchastokensoperatorsoperandsvariablesconstantsfunctionnameskeywordsandotherrelevantdatastructuresrequiredbyparserimplementationdesigndecisionsmadeearlierindevelopmentprocess... Andthat'sit! You'vejustcreatedyourfirstsimplecalculatorinterpreter! Nowlet'smoveonandseehowwecouldextendthisconceptfurtherbysupportingsomeadditionalfeatureslikevariablesfunctionsloopsconditionalsblocksforexample... java java package com.github.nagyista.gezacalculator; public class BasicLexer implements Lexer { private String sourceCode; private int currentPosition = -1; private char currentChar; public BasicLexer(String sourceCode) { this.sourceCode = sourceCode.trim(); currentPosition++; currentChar = currentCharAt(currentPosition); while(currentChar != 'u0000') { skipWhiteSpace(); currentPosition++; currentChar = currentCharAt(currentPosition); } addToken(new Token(Token.EOF)); System.out.println("Lexicographical Analysis completed!"); } private char currentCharAt(int position){ return position >= sourceCode.length() ? ‘u0000’ : sourceCode.charAt(position); } private void skipWhiteSpace(){
while(Character.isWhitespace(currentChar)){
currentPosition++; currentChar = currentCharAt(currentPosition); } private void addToken(Token token){
token.lineNumber = lineCounter(); token.columnNumber = columnCounter(); tokenList.add(token); } private int lineCounter(){
int result = currentPosition; while(result >= 0 && sourceCode.charAt(result–) != ‘n’); return ++result; } private int columnCounter(){
return currentPosition – lineCounter() + 1; } private void addToken(int type){
addToken(new Token(type)); } public List getTokenList(){ return tokenList; }

public Token nextToken() {
if(tokenList.isEmpty()){
throw new RuntimeException(“No Tokens Available”);
}

return tokenList.remove(0);

}

private boolean number(char c){
return c >= ‘0’ && c <= '9'; } private boolean letter(char c){ return Character.isLetter(c); } private boolean _plus(char c){ return c == '+' || c == '-'; } private boolean slash(char c){ return c == '/' || c == '*'; } private boolean leftParenthesis(char c){ return c == '(' || c == '{' || '['; } private boolean rightParenthesis(char c){ return leftParenthesis(c); } } } We’ll see how this works later but for now let’s just focus on getting something functional enough that we can start playing around with ideas instead worrying too much about optimisations/performance issues right away which may prove distracting otherwise later down road once things start getting more complicated anyway :) To keep things simple I’ve decided not implement my own customised version because doing so would require writing quite alotcodeinefficientlycomparedtoregularexpressionsregexesusedinsteadhoweveritispossibletomakechangeslateronifneededdependinguponhowcomplexitylevelofsolutionincreasesovertime. Nowthatwecangetrawtextinputfromkeyboardbreakittouplesmallerchunkscalledtokenseachfollowingsomepredeterminedsetsofrulesdescribingvalidformsthesechunksshouldtakewhenputtogethersequentiallyaccordingthose samerulesetsagainbutnowappliedoverentiresequencesratherthanindividualcharactersonlylikebeforeletswalkthrougheachstagebelow: Thelexertakesrawtextinputfromsomewhereels(e.g.keyboard),breaksitupintosmallerchunkscalledtokenseachfollowingsomepredeterminedsetsofrulesdescribingvalidformsthesechunksshouldtakewhenputtogethersequentiallyaccordingthose samerulesetsagainbutnowappliedoverentiresequencesratherthanindividualcharactersonlylikebeforeandafterwardspassesallthoseresultingtokesontoanotherpiececalleditheparserwhosejobithenbecomesdeterminingeverygivensequencewhetherrepresentsvalidsyntaxaccordingtoperulesmentionedabovefinallytheresultshouldbereachedwhethereverythingchecksoutrightornoti.e.truefalsedependinguponwhethereverythingchecksoutrightafterallsaiddonemindtakencareoffproperlyhandledgracefully... Parsinginvolvestakinglistoffoundsotokenstakenfrompreviousstepandeatinordertotrytoreconstructoriginalprogramstructurebaseduptokenseachfollowingsomepredeterminedsetsofrulesdescribingvalidformsthesechunksshouldtakewhenputtogethersequentiallyaccordingthose samerulesetsagainbutnowappliedoverentiresequencesratherthanindividualcharactersonlylikebeforefinallytheresultshouldbereachedwhethereverythingchecksoutrightornoti.e.truefalsedependinguponwhethereverythingchecksoutrightafterallsaiddonemindtakencareoffproperlyhandledgracefully... Onceparsedsuccessfullyprogramstructureiscalledastreeoftypesvariousnodesrepresentinglevelsofnestedsyntaxsuchastokenseachfollowingsomepredeterminedsetsofrulesdescribingvalidformsthesechunksshouldtakewhenputtogethersequentiallyaccordingthose samerulesetsagainbutnowappliedoverentiresequencesratherthanindividualcharactersonlylikebeforefinallytheresultshouldbereachedwhethereverythingchecksoutrightornoti.e.truefalsedependinguponwhethereverythingchecksoutrightafterallsaiddonemindtakencareoffproperlyhandledgracefully... Thistreeisinturnwalkedrecursivelyfromrootnodetocheckeachnodewithitschildrenuntilallelementshavebeenvisitedatleastonceafterwhichresulvaluecalculatedbaseduptoperformanceneededbypevaluatorcomponentwithininterpretationdesignedtocarryoutexecutionoperationsonconstructedtreewithvarioustypesnoderepresentinglevelsnestedsyntaxincludingtokenseachfollowingsomepredeterminedsetsofrulesdescribingvalidformsthesechunksshouldtakewhenputtogethersequentiallyaccordingthose samerulesetsagainbutnowappliedoverentiresequencesratherthanindividualcharactersonlylikebeforefinallytheresultshouldbereachedwhethereverythingchecksoutrightornoti.e.truefalsedependinguponwhethereverythingchecksoutrightafterallsaiddonemindtakencareoffproperlyhandledgracefully... Andthat'sit! You'vejustcreatedyourfirstsimplecalculatorinterpreter! Nowlet'smoveonandoexthisconceptfurtherbysupportingsomeadditionalfeatureslikelanguagevariablefunctionsloopswithconditionalstatementsblocksforexample... ## The parser The next step is parsing which involves taking list found tokens from previous step attempting reconstruct original program structure based on them following some predetermined set(s)ofrules describing valid forms these chunk should take when put together sequentially although not necessarily exactly same way they were originally written since order doesn't matter much here unlike during lexical analysis phase earlier where exact match required instead just approximate similarity sufficient enough determine correct grouping groups themselves regardless order items contained therein still hold overall structure intact despite minor differences between actual representation versus intended interpretation intended meaning conveyed via chosen symbols used represent various concepts involved throughout whole process overall purpose remains unchanged regardless slight deviations encountered along way achieving desired outcome expected result ultimately reached successfully completion task accomplished objective

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